4Cs OF DIAMONDS
The 4Cs relate to cut, colour, clarity and carat weight - a universal language that was established by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). The combination of these factors determines a diamond`s relative rarity and value.
CUT
An expertly cut diamond with perfectly symmetrical and aligned facets will maximise sparkle. This is because it reflects light internally from one mirror-like facet to another, dispersing it through its uppermost surface, referred to as the table. Finally, the polish gives a diamond its beautiful outside finish. Graded by the GIA on a scale from Excellent to Poor, the cut is what fully unlocks a diamond’s potential.
COLOUR
White diamonds occur in a variety of shades, from truly colourless, which is very rare, to warm whites with hints of yellow. After which they become Fancy Colours. The difference between one shade and the next is very subtle, so grading in the laboratory is performed under controlled lighting, placing the polished diamond upside down and using master samples for comparison and accuracy. Diamonds are graded on a scale of 23 shades, from ice white D (colourless) to warmer Z (light colour)
CLARITY
Natural diamonds have been created by extreme heat and pressure deep within the earth, millions, and even billions, of years ago. This organic process means that just about all diamonds contain internal features, for example traces of minerals or uncrystallised carbon, called inclusions. Clarity refers to a diamond’s natural inclusions. Diamonds with fewer of these characteristics are deemed to have a higher clarity, ranging from the very rare FL (flawless internally and externally) to I, signalling a number of more significant inclusions and blemishes.
CARAT
Carat is a measurement of weight, with one diamond carat equal to 200 milligrams. Precise measurements are taken to the hundredth decimal place to ensure complete accuracy.
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